The Presidential Palace (总统府) in Nanjing stands as an iconic architectural complex, representing one of the most extensive and well-preserved remnants of modern Chinese history. It holds a paramount position as one of the key architectural representatives of the Republic of China era in Nanjing and is considered a vital testament to China’s modern history. Over the centuries, the Nanjing Presidential Palace has served as a central hub for political and military affairs, bearing witness to significant events that have shaped the course of Chinese history. It has been closely associated with numerous pivotal historical moments, hosting key figures who played pivotal roles in the nation’s destiny.
The history of the Nanjing Presidential Palace traces back over 600 years, with its origins dating back to the Ming Dynasty when it was known as the Gui De Hou Mansion and the Han Wang Mansion. During the Qing Dynasty, it was repurposed as the Jiangning Weaving Bureau and the Liangjiang Governor’s Office. Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong even used it as a temporary palace during their southern tours. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, upon establishing its capital in Nanjing, constructed the grand Heavenly King Mansion within these grounds. On January 1, 1912, Dr. Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated as the interim President of the Republic of China here, officially transforming it into the Presidential Palace of the Republic of China.
The Presidential Palace in Nanjing sprawls across an area of approximately 90,000 square meters, encompassing a harmonious fusion of traditional Chinese Southern garden elements and vestiges of modern Western architectural influence. The complex is divided into three main regions: the central area houses the Nationalist Government, the Presidential Palace, and associated institutions. The western section contains Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s temporary presidential office, the secretary’s office, the Western Garden, Sun Yat-sen’s living quarters, and the General Staff Headquarters. Finally, the eastern region encompasses the Executive Yuan, the Tao Lin Er Gong Shrine, the stables, and the Eastern Garden.
The Nanjing Presidential Palace is not merely an architectural masterpiece; it is a repository of historical significance and a living testament to China’s transformation from ancient times to the modern era. With its rich history and the numerous monumental events that unfolded within its walls, it stands as a symbol of national pride and an indispensable part of China’s cultural heritage.
Table of Contents
- Basic Information
- Location and Transportation
- Highlights of Nanjing Presidential Palace
- Map and Recommended Route for Nanjing Presidential palace
- Vlog about Nanjing Presidential Palace
- A Brief History of Nanjing Presidential Palace
- Useful Tips Summarized from Reviews
- Attractions Near Presidential palace
Basic Information
| Website | http://www.njztf.cn/ |
| Estimated Length of Tour | 1 – 2 hours |
| Ticket Price | 35 RMB |
| Opening Hours | 8.30 – 18.00; Last admission: 17.10 (1st March – 14th October) 8.30 – 17.00; Last admission: 16.10 (15th October – 28th February the next year) |
| Telephone Numbers | 0086-025-84578716 |
Location and Transportation
The Presidential Palace, also known as the China Modern History Museum, is located in Nanjing, the capital city of Jiangsu Province, China. Its exact address is 292 Changjiang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing. To get there, you can choose the following ways:
Bus: Take bus 9, 29, 44, 65, 95, or 304, get off at Presidential Palace (总统府), and you will be standing at the entrance.
Metro: The nearest metro station to the Presidential Palace in Nanjing is Daxinggong (大行宫) on line 2 and line 3. After getting out of the station from Exit 5, walk about 20 meters to the east to reach the palace.
Highlights of Nanjing Presidential Palace
Architectural Splendor
The architecture of the Presidential Palace in Nanjing is a captivating blend of traditional Chinese and Western influences. The palace features grandeur and intricate detailing, with impressive buildings, elegant courtyards, and picturesque gardens. The design incorporates elements such as traditional Chinese rooflines, decorative motifs, and red walls symbolizing good fortune. Western architectural styles are evident in the Presidential Office Building, with its neoclassical façade and colonnades. The harmonious fusion of these architectural styles creates a visually stunning complex that reflects the transition from imperial rule to a modern republic, making the Presidential Palace an architectural masterpiece of historical and cultural significance.
Museum Exhibits
The Museum Exhibits of the Nanjing Presidential Palace offer a captivating journey through China’s modern history. The collection includes a wide range of artifacts, photographs, and documents that showcase the political, cultural, and social developments of the Republican era. Visitors can explore themed exhibitions that delve into topics such as the Xinhai Revolution, the establishment of the Republic of China, the Sino-Japanese War, and the Chinese Civil War. The exhibits provide valuable insights into the lives of prominent figures, significant events, and the struggles and aspirations of the Chinese people during this transformative period.
Beautiful Gardens
The beautiful gardens of the Nanjing Presidential Palace are a serene oasis within the bustling city. Spanning across the palace complex, the gardens enchant visitors with their tranquil ambiance and breathtaking landscapes. Lush greenery, meticulously manicured plants, and colorful flowers create a picturesque setting for leisurely strolls and peaceful contemplation. Traditional Chinese landscaping principles are evident, featuring serene ponds, meandering pathways, and elegant pavilions. These gardens provide a harmonious escape, inviting visitors to immerse themselves in the beauty of nature while surrounded by the historical grandeur of the palace.
Map and Recommended Route for Nanjing Presidential palace
Central Area: Main Hall → Middle Hall → Reception Hall → Presidential Office Building)
East Area: Executive Office → Hong Xiuquan’s Palace → Liangjiang Viceroy’s Office → Stable
West Area: Stone Boat → Xijia Tower → Sun Yat-sen’s Office)
West Garden Gate [Exit] → Nanjing 1912 District (Dining & Leisure)
Vlog about Nanjing Presidential Palace
A Brief History of Nanjing Presidential Palace
The history of the Presidential Palace in Nanjing is intertwined with the tumultuous events that shaped China’s modern era. Originally built during the Ming Dynasty in the 14th century, the palace served as the Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, known as the “Prince Han Mansion.” However, its historical significance truly emerged with the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912.
Following the Xinhai Revolution that overthrew the Qing Dynasty, Sun Yat-sen, the founding father of the Republic of China, was inaugurated as the first provisional president on January 1, 1912, in Nanjing. To symbolize the transition from imperial rule to republican governance, the Hanwangfu was repurposed as the Presidential Palace.
Under the presidency of Sun Yat-sen, efforts were made to transform the palace into a modern government complex. The western-style presidential office building, ceremonial hall, and meeting rooms were constructed, incorporating both traditional Chinese architectural elements and Western influences.
In 1927, the leadership of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) passed to Chiang Kai-shek, who made the Presidential Palace his headquarters. During the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) and the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949), the palace played a significant role as a base for the Nationalist government.
The palace witnessed major historical events, such as the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, the signing of important treaties, and the planning of military strategies. It also housed important figures like Chiang Kai-shek and his wife, Soong Mei-ling.
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the Presidential Palace underwent changes. It was transformed into the China Modern History Museum in 1980, with the aim of preserving and showcasing the history of the Republican era.
Useful Tips Summarized from Reviews
- Layout of the Presidential Palace:
- The Presidential Palace is divided into three parts: Central Axis, East Garden, and West Garden.
- The central axis route: Gate Tower -> Grand Hall -> Auditorium -> Second Hall -> Reception Hall -> Qilin Gate -> Zichao Building -> Air Raid Shelter (outer structure only).
- East Garden Tour Route: Explore the East Garden: Replicated Garden -> Executive Office -> Historical Exhibition of Hong Xiuquan and Heavenly Palace -> Taolin Er Gong Shrine -> Historical Materials Exhibition of Qing Dynasty Governors and Governors’ Office -> Stable.
- West Garden Tour Route: Visit the West Garden: Xuyuan (Jiangnan-style garden) -> Zhongshan Square (with Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s bronze statue) -> Temporary Presidential Office -> General Staff Headquarters of the National Government -> Sun Yat-sen’s Living Quarters -> Library.
- Luggage Storage:
- The luggage storage facility is located at the south gate of the Presidential Palace. But the exit is at the northwest gate, which means you have to walk a while. Consider using the luggage storage at the Jiangsu Provincial Art Museum, located opposite the Presidential Palace.
- Preparation for Self-Guided Tours:
- If you don’t plan on hiring a guide, it’s recommended to familiarize yourself with some information about the Presidential Palace beforehand to enhance your experience.
- The area provides self-guided audio devices for 20 RMB (additional charges for overtime within 2.5 hours).
- Must-Visit Zichao Building:
- Zichao Building is highly recommended for its well-preserved historical office scenes. Be mindful of crowds and stairs while going up and down.
- Information about Surrounding Areas:
- Consider exploring the nearby Kexiang Alley and Hong Temple areas for local snacks.
If you’re not interested in the history of the Republic of China, you can just take a photo at the entrance. The spaces open to the public in the Presidential Palace mainly consist of exhibition halls with information and the former offices of some historical figures. Many areas inside the old building are off-limits to visitors, and the narrow hallways can get crowded, making the experience less enjoyable.
At the Nanjing Presidential Palace, I couldn’t walk at all; I was just pushed forward through the reception hall and the president’s office. I tried my best to snap a quick picture but was quickly shoved aside, and my bag got jostled a few times.
The main entrance of the Presidential Palace is closed, but you can take pictures. The ticket office is located to the left of the original entrance, near the new gate.
The Presidential Palace is very crowded, and the corridors leading to the office areas are quite narrow. However, I unexpectedly discovered a wall made of rainbow-colored leaves.
In early autumn, the Presidential Palace is filled with the fragrance of sweet osmanthus flowers. The persimmons on the branches are also ripe. On a quiet and peaceful morning with few visitors, sitting on a bench in the long corridor, the sunlight filters through the bright orange persimmons, creating a truly soothing experience.
In the summer, the temperature is so high, there are many people, and the exhibition halls are small with no air conditioning. I was soaked all over.
During the summer vacation, the crowds are overwhelming, and there are almost no air conditioning or fans available inside. The rented audio guides are quite useless; I recommend opting for a guided tour instead.
However, the well-lit and clean office, along with the delightful garden, truly impress and provide a refreshing experience.
Do not visit the Presidential Palace unless you want to experience a sauna session. It’s crowded, without air conditioning, and hot and stuffy.
I arrived at 1 pm on Saturday, the line was not long but there were many people inside. The nearby 1912 Street is a nice place for a stroll and you can grab a bite to eat there. By 2:30 pm, there was a long line forming at the entrance, with many tour groups.
P.S. Foreigners need to buy tickets at the manual ticket counter.
✅Suggested itinerary: The Presidential Palace (总统府) is divided into three parts: the Central Axis, East Garden, and West Garden. ❤️Central Axis route: Gatehouse – Main Hall – Auditorium – Second Hall – Reception Hall – Qilin Gate – Zichao Building – Air Raid Shelter (only exterior view). ❤️East Garden route: Recreational Garden – Executive Yuan – Historical relics of Hong Xiuquan and the Heavenly Palace – Memorial Temple of Taolin Er Gong – Historical materials exhibition of the Governors of… Read more »