Nanchan Temple (南禅寺), located in Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, has a history of over 1,200 years and is an important cultural and historical site in China. Covering an area of 3,078 square meters, the temple complex faces south and is designed in a traditional four-sided courtyard layout. This architectural arrangement includes several key structures: the Mountain Gate (Guanyin Hall), the East and West Side Halls (Bodhisattva Hall and Dragon King Hall), and the main hall, which is the centerpiece of the temple.
The main hall, known as the Great Buddha Hall, is one of the oldest surviving wooden structures from the Tang Dynasty in China. Its elegant and simple design reflects the architectural style of the period, showcasing exquisite craftsmanship. The hall measures 11.62 meters in width and 9.9 meters in depth, featuring a distinctive hip-and-gable roof adorned with grey tiles. The building’s base occupies almost half of the courtyard, creating a sense of grandeur and stability. The structure is ingeniously supported by 12 eave columns without the need for internal columns or a ceiling, allowing for an open and airy atmosphere. The walls serve as partitions rather than load-bearing structures, enhancing the overall aesthetic of the hall.
Inside the Great Buddha Hall, visitors are greeted by 17 Tang Dynasty sculptures of Buddha, each preserved in their original form and considered masterpieces of Tang sculptural art. The centerpiece of the hall is a large altar measuring 8.4 meters long, 6.3 meters wide, and 0.7 meters high, which displays the statues in a harmonious arrangement. The statues are positioned around Shakyamuni Buddha, the central figure, creating a dynamic scene that conveys a sense of both tranquility and vitality. This arrangement exemplifies a structured environment where each figure has a distinct role, contributing to an overall sense of balance and harmony.
Shakyamuni Buddha is depicted seated on a lotus throne, radiating a compassionate glow that exudes nobility and serenity. His posture and expression reflect a sense of solemnity and tranquility, as if he is imparting wisdom to his followers. Flanking him are the bodhisattvas Manjushri, riding a lion, and Samantabhadra, seated peacefully, both accompanied by their attendants and devotees who have come to listen intently to the teachings.
To the sides of the hall, the disciples Ananda and Kasyapa stand respectfully, their expressions conveying devotion and attentiveness, as if they are committed to memorizing the teachings being shared. Other figures, such as the guardian deities, are portrayed as strong and vigilant, keenly observing their surroundings while also listening closely to the holy words. The remaining sculptures, including the Youths, Maitreya, and various other figures, contribute to the lively atmosphere of the altar, reminiscent of the artistic style seen in the Mogao Caves at Dunhuang.
Basic Information
| Estimated Length of Tour | 1 hour |
| Ticket Price | 20 RMB |
| Opening Hours | 8.00 – 16.30; Closed on Mondays |
Location and Transportation
Nanchan Temple is located near Li Jia Zhuang in Yangbai Township, southwest of Wutai County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province. It is situated on the northern bank of the Yangbai Valley, approximately 8 kilometers from Dongye Town.
To reach Nanchan Temple, you can take a bus from Wutai County Bus Station to Guojiazai Village. The bus ride takes about 30 minutes, and tickets cost 10 yuan. Buses depart at 8:30 AM and 10:30 AM. After arriving at Guojiazai Village (郭家寨), it is a short 500-meter walk to the temple.
