The Hulunbuir Grasslands (呼伦贝尔草原), located in the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia, derive their name from Hulun Lake and Buir Lake. Spanning a vast area of about 113,000 square kilometers, with an elevation between 650 and 700 meters, the grasslands stretch approximately 350 kilometers east to west and 300 kilometers north to south. It is one of the world’s four largest grasslands and serves as a renowned natural pastureland, offering pristine blue skies, white clouds, and high-quality grazing fields. The Hulunbuir Grasslands are also a paradise for photographers.
Beyond the stunning scenery, visitors can experience horseback riding, wrestling matches, horse racing, and the unique culture of the nomadic people. The local lamb, known for its tender and flavorful meat without a gamey taste, is a must-try. The best time to visit the grasslands is from June to September, with July and August showcasing the lushest grasses and hosting the grand Naadam Festival.
Table of Contents
- Basic Information
- Location and Transportation
- Highlights of Hulunbuir Grasslands
- Vlog about Hulunbuir Grasslands
- Folk Customs of Hulunbuir
- Taboos in the Hulunbuir Grasslands
Basic Information
| Estimated Length of Tour | 1 – 3 days |
| Ticket Price | Free |
| Opening Hours | 24 hours a day throughout the year |
Location and Transportation
The Hulunbuir Grasslands are located in Chen Barag Banner, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. This picturesque region is known for its vast grasslands, stunning landscapes, and rich nomadic culture. To get there, you can choose one of the following ways:
By Air: Hulunbuir City has several airports, with the closest to the grasslands being: Hulunbuir Dongshan International Airport (often referred to as Hailar Dongshan International Airport) and Manzhouli West Suburb International Airport.
By Train: Hulunbuir has three major passenger rail lines (Binzhou Railway, Yalin Line, and Qijia Line) and several branch lines. Direct trains connect Hulunbuir City (specifically Hailar District) with major cities such as Beijing, Harbin, Shenyang, Qiqihar, Baotou, Dandong, Dalian, Chifeng, and Tongliao.
By Bus: Long-distance bus services are available from various major cities and within different banners in Hulunbuir, making road travel accessible to the grassland.
Highlights of Hulunbuir Grasslands
Morigele River
The Morigele River originates from the western slopes of the Greater Khingan Range. It flows from northeast to southwest through the Hulunbuir Grasslands and eventually merges into Hailar River after passing through Lake Huhenuoer. The river stretches over 290 kilometers and is part of the Argun River system, which forms the border between China and Russia.
Despite its narrow width, the Morigele River is extremely winding. When viewed from above, the river twists and turns like a blue ribbon, meandering east, west, south, and north. Its curves are so intricate that they are often described as “nine twists and eighteen bends.” The river is relatively narrow, with its widest points reaching only five to six meters during non-flood seasons. Formed by spring waters, the river runs through remote, uninhabited mountains and grasslands, making its waters exceptionally clean and unpolluted.
Jinzhanghan Mongolian Tribe
The Jinzhanghan Mongolian Tribe is a unique tourist destination in Hulunbuir, known for its depiction of nomadic life. Situated along the banks of the Morigele River, often referred to as “China’s First Meandering River,” this natural pastureland has historical significance. Many northern nomadic tribes once roamed, lived, and thrived here. In the late 12th to early 13th century, the legendary Genghis Khan trained his troops and fought tribal battles in this region, ultimately securing control over the Hulunbuir Grasslands.
The layout of the Jinzhanghan site replicates the camp of Genghis Khan during his reign. Visitors can immerse themselves in Mongolian culture through bonfire festivities, thrilling horse-taming and lassoing shows, Mongolian wrestling (Bokh) and strength contests, traditional Ovoo ceremonies, and shamanistic performances. The rich culinary offerings further enhance the authentic experience, allowing guests to feel a true connection to Mongolia’s nomadic roots.
Hulun Lake
Hulun Lake, also known as Dalai Lake, is the largest lake in Inner Mongolia and the fourth largest freshwater lake in China. The name “Dalai” means “sea” in Mongolian, aptly describing its vastness. It is often referred to as a sister lake to Beier Lake.
Hulun Lake is famous for its eight natural wonders, including breathtaking sunrises over the water, shimmering mirages, scenic stony shores, gentle waves on sandy beaches, and the stunning views of Elephant Mountain and the moon. It also serves as a vital habitat for numerous bird species and an essential migratory route for inland birds. More than 200 rare bird species, such as swans, seagulls, and cranes, can be found here.
The lakeside area is equipped with various recreational facilities, including swimming areas, fishing platforms, and long corridors for leisurely walks. During the summer months, the climate around Hulun Lake is cool and pleasant, making it an ideal destination for those seeking to escape the heat.
Legend of Hulunbuir
A long time ago, the grasslands were plagued by wind demons and sand sorcerers, leaving the land barren and parched. Water was as precious as gold, and the livestock were on the brink of extinction, with the remains of herders scattered across the plains.
In a brave Mongolian tribe on the grasslands, there was a couple deeply in love. The girl, named Hulun, was known for her enchanting singing and dancing, possessing both beauty and talent. Her partner, Buir, was incredibly strong, skilled in riding and archery. Determined to save their homeland and pursue their love, they courageously fought against the demons of the grasslands. They subdued the wind demons, drove away the sand sorcerers, and brought forth nourishing rain, transforming the prairie into a place of breathtaking beauty.
In gratitude and remembrance of their heroic deeds, the people named their homeland Hulunbuir, a testament to the love and bravery of Hulun and Buir.
Vlog about Hulunbuir Grasslands
Folk Customs of Hulunbuir
Aobao Festival (祭敖包): The Aobao Festival is one of the grand sacrificial activities of the Mongolian people. Aobao, a traditional mound, is usually constructed on mountains or hills and made of stones in a conical shape. At the top, a long pole is inserted, adorned with animal fur and strips of scripture. Surrounding the aobao are stones used for burning fragrant cedar, along with offerings of whole sheep, horse milk wine, butter, and cheese. Branches are also placed around the aobao for additional decoration.
Wrestling (摔跤): Wrestling is one of the most important competitive activities for the Mongolian people and has been part of the Naadam Festival for over 700 years. This event showcases strength, skill, and traditional wrestling techniques, drawing large crowds and fostering a spirit of community and celebration.
Archery (射箭): Archery has long been an essential tool for hunting and warfare among the Mongolian people. Renowned for their horsemanship and archery skills, the Mongolians gained global recognition over 700 years ago. Archery has since evolved into a sport, continuing to be celebrated in cultural events.
Orikqi Dance (斡日切舞): “Orikqi” means “swan” in the Evenki language. The Orikqi dance is a popular folk dance among the Evenki people. There are no restrictions on the number of participants, and both men and women can join. Typically performed as a duet, with others surrounding to cheer, the dance culminates in a lively group performance where participants often join in together, with women typically taking the lead.
Lurigen Dance (吕日格仁): The term “Lurigen” means “dance” in the Oroqen language. The dance movements of the Oroqen people transition from slow to fast, ending in vigorous action. Dancers usually perform without musical accompaniment, combining singing with their dancing, creating a lively and engaging atmosphere.
Taboos in the Hulunbuir Grasslands
- Approaching Homes: When driving to visit a herder’s home, check if horses are tied to nearby carts. Avoid driving in suddenly to prevent startling the horses and causing them to break loose.
- Entering the Yurt: Do not bring horse whips or halters inside the yurt; instead, hang them on the saddle or place them outside the door.
- Entering Protocol: When entering, walk in from the left side of the stove and sit on the west or north side of the yurt. The east side is where the host lives, so it’s best to avoid sitting there.
- Respecting Elders: If there are elderly people in the home, do not walk in front of them, and avoid sitting next to them without permission. Ensure not to block the Buddhist images arranged on the north wall when sitting.
- Seating Arrangements: Guests can sit on the floor upon entering, and there’s no need to take off shoes. Avoid sitting on the threshold.
- Receiving Tea: When the host offers tea, keep your sleeves tidy and use both hands or your right hand to receive it; do not use your left hand.
- Receiving Alcohol: When receiving a drink, dip your ring finger into the drink and touch it to the sky, earth, and fire gods. Even if you don’t drink, touch your lips to indicate you accept the host’s pure friendship.
- Nature Calls: If you need to relieve yourself, go far to the south of the yurt, avoiding the east (where sheep pens are) and the north (where odors may enter the yurt).
- Winter Etiquette: In winter, do not trample the snow on the north or west sides of the yurt, as it is used for drinking water.
- Saying Goodbye: When leaving the host’s home, be sure to say goodbye and express gratitude.
- Respecting Livestock: If you encounter herds on the grasslands, vehicles and pedestrians should go around them rather than through the herd, as passing through is seen as disrespectful to the herders.
- Signs of Illness: If there is a fire pit or red cloth hanging outside a yurt, it indicates there is a sick person or a new mother inside, and outsiders should refrain from entering.
- Seating Restrictions: Guests should not sit on the western sleeping platform, as it is reserved for Buddha worship.
- Dietary Restrictions: Do not eat the meat of animals that died naturally, nor should you eat donkey, dog, or white horse meat.
- Funeral and Celebration Colors: Avoid red and white during funerals, and black and yellow during celebrations.
- Fire Safety: Do not dry your feet, shoes, socks, or pants over the stove.
- Visiting Temples: While visiting temples and religious halls, do not smoke, spit, touch ritual objects, scriptures, or statues, and refrain from loud conversations. Additionally, hunting near temples is prohibited.
