Embark on a captivating 4-day journey through Hulunbuir, one of China’s most enchanting and culturally rich regions. From the vast grasslands and unique Russian influences to the pristine wetlands and remote reindeer villages, this itinerary offers a perfect blend of natural beauty, historical landmarks, and ethnic traditions. Whether you’re a nature enthusiast, photography lover, or history buff, Hulunbuir’s diverse landscapes and cultural treasures will leave you with unforgettable memories. Follow this guide to explore the highlights of the region, from the famous 186 Rainbow River to the serene Morigele River, and immerse yourself in the lifestyle of Mongolia’s nomadic herders and Russia’s indigenous communities.
Day 1: Manzhouli National Gate Scenic Area > Manzhouli Matryoshka Doll Scenic Area > Dajue Temple > Zhalainuoer Museum > Erka Wetland
Manzhouli, the “Window of East Asia” in northern China, is the largest land border port in the country, blending the cultures of China, Russia, and Mongolia. Strolling through the streets, it feels like being in a small Eastern European town.
In the morning, start by visiting the Manzhouli National Gate. From here, gaze northward to see the train station, streets, and pedestrians of the Russian region of Buryatia. On one side of the National Gate is an authentic Russian town, and on the other, a Chinese city with unique features, creating a fascinating and unusual contrast. In the square next to the National Gate stands a locomotive, the “Asia” type steam engine, manufactured by Japan in 1940. Chairman Mao even traveled to the Soviet Union on a train pulled by this locomotive, which is locally known as the “Manzhouli Train.”
Afterward, head east along the main road to arrive at the world’s largest Matryoshka Doll Square. From a distance, a massive Matryoshka doll can be seen standing in the center of the square. In addition to the main doll, there are 192 smaller dolls and 8 functional dolls spread around the square, exuding strong foreign charm. Matryoshka dolls, a traditional Russian toy, symbolize good luck and are also known as “lucky dolls.” The various types of dolls in the square represent the enduring friendship and harmonious coexistence of China, Russia, and Mongolia.
Leaving the square, continue driving east to reach the northernmost temple in China, Dajue Temple. Majestic and grand, with intricately carved beams and fragrant incense, this temple, nestled by the mountains and waters, absorbs the spiritual essence of heaven and earth. Sitting quietly in the temple provides a profound and tranquil experience.
Continue east to the Zhalainuoer Museum in the Zhalainuoer District. The museum displays a variety of ethnic minority artifacts, fossils, and more, unearthed in the Hulunbuir region. It offers a comprehensive understanding of the region’s Mongolian culture and the historical evolution of its human civilization, enriching your spiritual connection with Hulunbuir.
Then head north from Zhalainuoer to arrive at Erka Wetland. The Erka transnational wetland nature reserve borders Russia and covers an area of 68.51 square kilometers. The terrain is complex, leading to a variety of plant species. The wetland is home to vast reed beds, clear lakes, and soft sandy shores. Located on the border, the area is seldom visited by people, and its pristine ecology is well-preserved. In the evening, return to Zhalainuoer District for rest, preparing for the next day’s journey.
Day 2: 186 Rainbow River > Heishantou Border Horseback Riding Area > Shihei Russian Ethnic Township
After breakfast, drive to the 186 Rainbow River Grassland Scenic Area, located in the Badao Pass of Chenbarhu Banner. The grassland is vast and beautiful, with blue skies, white clouds, yurts dotting the landscape, and herds of cattle and sheep grazing. Upon arrival, a Mongolian girl will offer you the unique Mongolian welcoming ceremony of “horse-down wine.” You will also have the chance to witness one of the most traditional sacrificial activities on the grassland – the “Ao Bao” ceremony. (Ao Bao is a sacred site for the Mongols, a bridge that connects with the Eternal Sky. People pray devoutly here, believing that sincere prayers are answered.) This experience allows you to truly immerse yourself in nature, far from the city.
From the mountaintop, enjoy a stunning view of the Rainbow River, which winds its way through the land. Under the sunlight, the river appears like a colorful ribbon stretching across the Sino-Soviet border. In the distance, the Russian mountains roll in the background, creating a beautiful landscape. Here, you can feel the lifestyle of Mongolian herders and experience the nomadic culture of the grasslands.
After leaving the grassland, head to Heishantou Town, located in the southwest of Erguna City, about 60 kilometers from Labudalin. To the west and northwest, the town faces the Russian Priargunsky District across the Erguna River. Heishantou is a vast, sparsely populated area, home to a multi-ethnic community, with the majority being descendants of Chinese-Russian families and Russians, while Han Chinese are in the majority.
Upon arrival, follow local signposts to the grassland horse-riding field. Heishantou has become a popular destination for horseback riding. Here, you can gallop freely across the vast grasslands, enjoying the freedom and beauty of the landscape. While riding, engage in conversations with the locals to learn about the significance of horses to the Mongols and other nomadic peoples, and their deep emotional connection with these majestic animals.
Afterward, continue your journey to Enhe Russian Ethnic Township. Located in Erguna City, Inner Mongolia, Enhe is just a stone’s throw away from Russia. The area is rich in Russian cultural influences, offering a strong sense of foreign charm. You can even have dinner with a Russian family and enjoy a traditional Russian folk accordion performance, closing your second day immersed in the unique Russian ethnic culture.
Day 3: Birch Forest Scenic Area > Genhe Source National Wetland Park
After breakfast, head to Erguna City, passing through the Birch Forest along the way. Known as the “tree of pure love,” the elegant birch trees stand tall, with their straight trunks seemingly reaching into the sky. The birch symbolizes the test of life and death; it is Russia’s national tree and a symbol of the nation’s spirit.
After arriving in Erguna for lunch, depart for the northeast to visit the largest wetland in Asia – Genhe Wetland. This is the most well-preserved and expansive wetland in China, remaining in its natural state. It is a distant, pristine land that blends into nature, once a lively and sacred place that has now fallen silent. For photography enthusiasts, be sure to clear your memory cards, as the breathtaking landscapes here are so abundant that you may regret not having enough storage to capture them all.
Finally, head to the coldest city in China – Genhe City. Take a break here for a meal and reflect on the vast green ocean you’ve experienced throughout the day.
Day 4: Aoluguya Reindeer Village > Morigele River Scenic Area
After breakfast, drive south to Aoluguya Hunting Tribe, a 3A national-level tourist attraction. This place is home to China’s only reindeer tribe and is the last hunting ethnic group in the country. The tribe relies on rivers and forests for their livelihood, practicing a self-sustained way of life.
After the visit, enjoy lunch in the area, then head south to see the “world’s number one meandering river” – Morigele River. The river winds and curves through the landscape, with clear and beautiful waters. Locals have passed down a touching and ancient legend about a girl named Morigele, which adds a layer of cultural depth to this scenic spot.
Finally, return to Hailar City, where you can shop for ethnic souvenirs, try local delicacies, and explore the city. Your journey will come to a perfect end as you begin your return trip from Hailar.
